We say the map is different from the territory. But what is the territory? Operationally, somebody went out with a retina or a measuring stick and made representations which were then put on paper. What is on the paper map is a representation of what was in the retinal representation of the man who made the map; and as you push the question back, what you find is an infinite regress, an infinite series of maps. The territory never gets in at all... Always, the process of representation will filter it out so that the mental world is only maps of maps, ad infinitum.
This reminds me of my favorite argument against objective truth: give me a non-circular definition. So if you try to connect the map to the territory by starting with the idea of the territory, you can never really get out of it. Eventually you have to say something like "I experience objective truth as a style of thinking in which I imagine a source of potential experience that is indifferent to observation and consistent from all perspectives."
By the way, I found Friday's shaman link on the occult subreddit, which has a lot of silly stuff but I like the way they think. And while I'm recommending subreddits, here's one for the basic income community.
Those who develop so-called mental disorders are those who are sensitive, which is viewed in Western culture as oversensitivity. Indigenous cultures don't see it that way and, as a result, sensitive people don't experience themselves as overly sensitive. In the West, "it is the overload of the culture they're in that is just wrecking them," observes Dr. Some. The frenetic pace, the bombardment of the senses, and the violent energy that characterize Western culture can overwhelm sensitive people.
On a whole other subject (thanks Gabriel) SSC Gives A Graduation Speech. Slate Star Codex is a blog by a guy named Scott Alexander who writes more than anyone can realistically read. This is a great (but long) post about how education is mostly worthless, and how it would be better to take all the money currently spent on the education system, and just give it to people.
]]>...if you'd stayed out of public school and stayed home and played games and maybe asked your parents some questions, then by the time your friends were graduating twelfth grade, you would have the equivalent of an eleventh-grade education.... Why is it so easy for the unschooled to keep up with their better educated brethren? My guess is that it's because very little learning goes on at school at all.
By the way, the two holy grails of GMO crop research - higher yield and drought resistance - are still unreached. Or, I should say, the results from GMO methods are still no better than the results from genetically-informed-but-conventional breeding and hybridization. We have some seriously high-yield and drought resistant food crops compared to eighty years ago, but GMO approaches haven't pushed the curve any.
And a few more links on frontier technology: Is It Possible to Create an Anti-Love Drug? The justification is to get people out of abusive relationships. The article is pretty weak. I'd like to see more speculation about crazy unintended consequences.
Can we design machines to automate ethics? The article starts with self-driving cars, and then gets into ethical dilemmas about when to sacrifice lives to save lives. Great sentence:
If our destiny is a new kind of existential insulation - a world in which machine gatekeepers render certain harms impossible and certain goods automatic - this won't be because we will have triumphed over history and time, but because we will have delegated engagement to something beyond ourselves.
Why are people so comfortable with small drones? Specifically, one study shows that people think small flying drones are cute rather than scary. The researcher speculates that it's because our evolutionary predators walked on the ground. I think it's because flying drones, so far, just hover and don't flit around like birds and insects. Last night Leigh Ann got me up at 3AM when she was frightened out of the living room by a large moth that she thought was a bat.
]]>Focus fusion reactors are small and not very complex. You could have one in your garage. That means they're more democratic than the huge-scale plants that can power a whole city. Much of our current political situation rests on control of economies based on control of energy sources. What would international relations look like if every city had access to unlimited clean (carbon free, radioactivity-free) power?
Here's the Indiegogo Focus Fusion page. And here's an Indiegogo page for something different,
Deep City 2030, a steampunk trans-apocalypse city design strategy game.
Loosely related: GooBing Detroit uses street view images from Google and Bing maps to show particular locations changing, typically by houses being abandoned. Notice how many places look uglier in the early stages of decay, but eventually, when wild plants come back, they look more beautiful.
You're worrying about GMOs for the wrong reasons. It's about the threats to ecology and biodiversity, but I would go farther and talk about the politics, which are similar to the fusion issue above. As long as genetic modification is being done primarily by big agribusiness, plants will be altered to make them more compatible with central control of the food supply.
Finally, a collection of fictional signs from the future. They're mostly silly but a few are ominous.
]]>Famine is a demographic event. The definition of famine is significant excess mortality associated with a decline in the availability of food, regardless of cause of death. If you and your family starve to death, it's not famine because there aren't that many of you. If everyone in your town runs out of food, breaks into Costco, and are mowed down by machine-gun wielding rent-a-cops, that is actually famine.
Infectious disease (often related to diarrhea and respiratory illness) kills more people than actual starvation.
The indicators of famine are weird. Colonial India developed a set of famine codes that watched for, among other things, sudden increases in prices of food, or sudden increases in petty crime, or sudden decreases in the cost of commercial sex.
Stockpiles and famine foods aren't as helpful as you think. I always assumed that if you had a year's food in your basement, or knew which weeds and bugs were edible, you'd make it through a famine. Turns out, everybody figures this stuff out at about the same time, and the dying doesn't start until the stockpiles and rabbit warrens are exhausted.
The best survival technique is to leave the area. Usually the first to go are the middle class professionals whose assets are their credentials and experience. The poor may lack the means to relocate, and the wealthy tend to have significant investments in non-mobile assets (land, businesses, factories).
Famines in industrial market economies are political or conflict-related. In general, the world has a robust and finely-tuned famine relief industry. The notorious famines of the 20th century (Leningrad, Ethiopia, Sudan) have all been war famines. You are unlikely to ever experience a famine unless you are trapped behind armed fighters.
Opportunistic cannibalism (eating dead people) is common. Predatory cannibalism (killing people to eat them) is really, really rare.
Grover Norquist and others put together a strategy wherein business would back social conservative candidates, while single-issue groups (pro-life groups, NRA) would support low taxes and deregulation. The idea was that business would supply the money to win elections, while the single-issue folks would supply the energy needed to get people out to the polls. This is how the GOP is able to stay viable in elections even as the percentage of rank-and-file Republicans decreases.
Another reddit comment in which a German argues that American culture is compassionless, impulsive, and authoritarian:
If I say "you're authoritarian", what I mean is that you strongly remind me of Germany in the past. No, not the Nazis. Of Germany leading up to World War One. A society that held its military in high regard, where someone in a uniform was seen as intrinsically better than a civilian, no matter if it was a military or a police uniform. A time when orders were to be followed, not questioned.
Why America's essentials are getting more expensive while its toys are getting cheap. The reason is that manufacturing is being off-shored or automated, while local services are losing public subsidies. The result is that "prices are rising on the very things that are essential for climbing out of poverty." The deeper story is that we're in a feedback loop in which more power gets concentrated in the center, leading to political changes that make it easier for more power to be concentrated in the center. If we continue on this path, most people will be locked in poverty and desperately competing to sell personalized services to the rich.
And a possible solution, from an article where the finger-pointing tone is not at center stage, but is called up to support an argument for a precise set of policies: Radical Centrism: Uniting the Radical Left and the Radical Right.
]]>The essence of a radical centrist approach is government provision of essential goods and services and a minimal-intervention, free enterprise environment for everything else... The principle of radical centrism aims to build a firewall that protects the common man from the worst impact of economic disturbances while simultaneously increasing the threat of failure at firm level. The presence of the public option and a robust safety net is precisely what empowers us to allow incumbent firms to fail.
The day that robot armies become more cost-effective than human infantry is the day when People Power becomes obsolete. With robot armies, the few will be able to do whatever they want to the many. And unlike the tyrannies of Stalin and Mao, robot-enforced tyranny will be robust to shifts in popular opinion. The rabble may think whatever they please, but the Robot Lords will have the guns... Imagine a world where gated communities have become self-contained cantonments, inside of which live the beautiful, rich, Robot Lords, served by cheap robot employees, guarded by cheap robot armies. Outside the gates, a teeming, ragged mass of lumpen humanity teeters on the edge of starvation.
I don't expect it to be this bad. The elite don't want to be evil. They actually want to help the masses -- but without giving up a shred of political power. There will be war and starvation as we pass through the bottleneck of converting from nonrenewable to renewable resources. But on the other side, we will all be guaranteed comfortable survival, and the elite will manipulate us not by locking up the food, but by shaping a culture in which our lives have more meaning if we do what they say. They're already doing this now, which is why young people in no danger of starvation still feel worthless if they don't have a job.
]]>